Domestic Animals – Домашние животные
Domestic animals can be divided into two groups: farm animals andpets.
Farm animals
Farmers usually raise such animals as cows, sheep, horses, pigs,rabbits. But in some Eastern countries people keep donkeys, camels, yaks andeven elephants on their farms.
Some domestic animals work for people. Some of them give peoplefood. Pigs give meat. Cows and goats give milk. Hens, ducks, geese, turkeysgive meat and eggs.
Pets
A lot of people keep animals at home for pleasure. They are calledpets. People usually prefer small animals, for example, rabbits, guinea pigs,white mice, hamsters and sometimes birds.
But the most popular pets are dogs and cats. Some dogs guard andprotect their owner’s houses. Cats are not so loyal as dogs, but they can helppeople, too. They catch mice and rats.
Sometimes people keep exotic animals: iguanas, snakes, frogs,small crocodiles and even tigers. But in my opinion it’s not a good idea tokeep a snake or a tiger at home because it can be really dangerous.
Every child wants a pet to play with, but animals are not toys.They need everyday care. You must keep their baskets and cages clean, rememberto feed them regularly. Many animals such as large dogs suffer if they are keptin small city apartments.
Why do we need pets?
We know that our pets need us. We look after them and give themhome. But now doctors are saying that we need them, too. Experts believe thatpets can help you stay healthy and live longer.
Pets are very good friends. They don’t ask for much and theyalways love you. Children learn how to be kind to their pets, and how to lookafter them. So, having pets can really change our lives for the better.
1. Fill in 10-15 animals in every column
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Farm animals |
Pets |
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2. What products can we get from domestic animals? Give examples.
3. Read the information about the goat. Retell it in 5 sentences.
GOAT
Goat is a member of the familyBovidea and is closely related to sheep. Domestic goat is sub-species of agoat which is domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and EasternEurope. According to the UN Food and Agriculture organisation, there weremore than 924 million live goats around the globe. Female goats arereferred to as “does* and male goat as “bucks” or “billies”. Goats areconsidered to be one amongst the earliest domesticated animals onearth. Goat is considered to be a very innocent animal with a very littlebrain. They can continuously eat grasses in the field for a long time.
The social animals goatclosely related to sheep and communicate with each other by bleating. Theintelligent and curious animals have a constant desire to explore andinvestigate anything unfamiliar that come across. They are known for theirexcellent coordination and have great balance and hence able to survive inprecarious areas such as steep mountains and can even climb trees and can jumpover 5 feet high. They even sometimes eat cans, plastic bottles andcardboard lying on the ground which sometimes harm their body badly. Theyare curious and agile. Goats are herd animals that love to live in acompany of goats.
4. Make a report about one more domestic animal. (10-15 sentences) ormake a presentation in Power Point.
CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF FARM ANIMALS
A lot of work has tobe done by a farmer in caring forhis livestock and their products. Barns andother buildings are to be provided in order to protect the animals from unfavorableweather conditions. Young animals – lambs, calves andpigs are known to require special care and protection.
During the first days afterbirth animals are weak and maydie if proper care is not provided.
At present separate buildings are usually provided for each kind of livestock such as cattle, hogs, sheep, and poultry. Cowsheds, sheep-pens, pigsties and poultry housesshould be comfortable for livestock and workers whotake care of the animals. Much attention is nowpaid to lighting, ventilation,temperature, and humidity in animalbuildings. Very often farmers keepbulls in separate barns.
Probably no farm animal is more responsive to good came than is the dairy cow. Regularity in feeding and milking and kindness result in more milk and greater profits.Dairy cows are to be provided with plenty of bedding, such as clean, dry straw in thebarns where they are kept. Whennot on pasture cows should take exercise tobe in good breeding condition.
Animalcare
Sheep arekept in flocks in paddocks, in pens, or barns, orin the open. Freshly shorn hoggets can be very susceptible to wet, windy weather and can quickly succumb to exposure. Sheep have to be kept dry for one to two days before shearing so that thefleece is dry enough to be pressed and to protect the health of the rearers.
1. Назовитеанглийские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний: животноводство,разводить, порода, содержать, трава, питательный,молочный скот, мясной скот, мясо-молочный скот, свиньи,овцы, мясо, молоко, фураж, пастбище, ceв, силос, солома, корова, бык, теленок,ягненок, поросенок, коровник, свинарник, доить, иметьмоцион, уход, содержание.
2. Переведитепредложения, обращая внимание на лексику данного занятия.
1. High beef and milk production is obtained by proper care and managementas well as by proper feeding and fattening of cattle. 2. When cattle are keptin cowsheds they are fed with corn silage, grass silage and high- quality hay.3. Dairy cows are milked with special machines. 4. There is always muchwork to do on the farm. 5. The farmer has to take great care of the young animals.6. Cowsheds, sheep-pens and pigsties are to be kept clean andwell ventilated. 7. Cows, bulls and calves should be provided with clean straw for bedding.8. Animals are to take much exercise to be in good breeding condition.
3. Найдите в тексте А и переведите предложения, в которых говорится:а) как защищают животных от неблагоприятных погодных условий; б) как следуетсодержать молодняк; в) о том, чтобы в животноводческих постройках животноводубыло удобно работать; г) как следует ухаживать замолочной коровой.
3. Ответьте навопросы по-английски.
1. Should farmers care for animal products? 2.Why are animals kept in building?
3. Why do farmers provide special care for young animals? 4. What farmbuildings do you know? 5. What conditions are provided m animalbuildings? 6. When should cows take much exercise?
