Министерствообразования Калининградской области
государственноеавтономное учреждение
Калининградскойобласти
профессиональнаяобразовательная организация
«Колледжсервиса и туризма»
(ГАУКО ПО КСТ)
Индивидуальный проект
The greatest women in the world
Авторпроекта: БураковаЮ.Е.,
студентка гр.Т20-1
Руководитель:Аветисян А.И.,
Преподавательанглийского языка
Калининград
2021
Содержание
Глава I.Теоретическаячасть проекта по теме:«Выдающиесяженщины мира»
1.1 Ignoranceand denial of womens contribution to science and other fields
оf activity……………………………………………………………………….4
ГлаваII.Практическая часть исследования по теме:«Выдающиеся женщины мира»Жизненныйпутьивкладвмировуюисториюзнаменитыхженщинмира………………………………………………………………………………4
2.1 Women activists andpoliticians……………………………………………4
2.2 Women scientists……………………………………………………………7
2.3 Women military personnel…………………………………………………10
2.4 Women of art………………………………………………………………12
Заключение……………………………………………………………………16
Списокиспользованныхисточниковилитературы………………………..17
Введение
● Актуальность
Актуальность данной темы можно рассматривать не только с точки зрениякаких-либо открытий, но и с точки зрения современного общества. Дело в том, чтосейчас женщины стали участвовать в общественной жизни наравне с мужчинами. Ониимеют равные права, тем не менее, нередко приходится слышать о дискриминации пополовому признаку, то есть об ущемлении женских прав. Поэтому очень важнодоказать обществу то, что истории существуют наглядные примеры активнойжизненной позиции женщин. Деятельность этих представительниц женского пола послужит отличным примером.
● Цель работы
Расширить свой кругозор, показать величайших женщин ирассказать чего они достигли благодаря своим способностям.
● Гипотеза: Женщина может достичь больших успехов в любом направлении деятельности.
● Предмет исследования: выдающиеся женщины мира.
● Объект исследования: роль женщиныв различных сферах
● Задачи
1. Изучитьлитературные и электронные источники по данной теме.
2. Исследоватьи ознакомиться с историей развития вольной борьбы вКалининградской области.
3. Охватитьвсе сферы жизни общества, в которых отразилась деятельность ввыдающихсяженщин нашей планеты..
4. Использоватьбольшой объем информации об их творчестве и жизни.
5. Обеспечитьпомощь любому читателю, интересующемуся жизнью героинь моего проекта.
6. Сделатьвыводы.
Глава I.Теоретическая часть проектапо теме: ”Выдающиесяженщины мира”.
1.1Ignorance and denial of womens contribution to science and other fields ofactivity.
When we are askedto name outstanding people in the world, first of all we remember such peopleas Einstein, Gagarin, Darwin, etc., for the most part we remember the names ofmen. However, women have also made a huge contribution to all areas of activity,what makes our lives easier and better.
Some people believethat the so-called Matilda effect is correct, the Matilda Effect — is thedenial of womens contributions to science, and the attribution of womens workto male colleagues, but this is wrong.
Глава II.Жизненный путь и вклад в мировую историю знаменитых женщин мира.
2.1Women activists and politicians.
“Ifyou want something to be said, ask a man to do it; if you want something done,trust the woman!”
MargaretHilda Thatcher (1925-2013.)
Margaret Hilda Thatcher.
Prime Minister of theUnited Kingdom in 1979-1990, leader of the Conservative Party in 1975-1990,Baroness since 1992. The first woman to hold this post, as well as the firstwoman to become the Prime Minister of a European state.
MargaretRoberts was born on October 13, 1925 in the provincial British town ofGrantham, where her father owned two grocery stores. Her father was not only agrocer, but also a Methodist pastor, and was also active in local politicalactivities, and was a member of the city council!
MargaretThatcher is best known to the public for her nickname the IronLady. Thatcher always behaved confidently and sharply, implemented allthe reforms in an aggressive manner.
The nicknamethe iron lady served her well during the campaign for the post ofPrime Minister of Great Britain. Thatcher began implementing the reformsimmediately after her election. As the leader of the Conservative Party ofEngland, she did not stand on ceremony and spoke sharply about all heropponents. The reforms were carried out strictly and quickly.
The fame of apolitician is largely due to her strong, strong-willed figure. The woman provedto the world that women can be effective politicians. It really improved the UKeconomy, and made other states fear the United Kingdom again.
“History is the best teacher with the worst students.
Indira Gandhi (1917-1984.)
IndiraGandhi.
Indian politician, central figure in the Indian National Congress party,the only female Prime Minister of India.
Indira Gandhi was born on November 19,1917 in the city of Allahabad (modern Uttar Pradesh), in a family that wasactively involved in the struggle for the independence of India. Her father,Jawaharlal Nehru, who later became the first Prime Minister of India after thecountrys independence in 1947, was then making his first steps in thepolitical arena in the Indian National Congress Party.
On August 15, 1947,the declaration of independence of India took place, and soon the firstnational government was formed. Indira Gandhi became the personal secretary ofthe Prime Ministers father and accompanied Nehru on all his foreign trips.
Shortly after herfathers death, she became Prime Minister of India.
Indira Gandhi was able todo a lot for her state. The most significant achievements of her reign:
Implementation ofprograms aimed at overcoming poverty.
Active development ofindustrial sectors.
Implementation of thenationalization of banks.
Reorganization of thehealthcare system.
Development of agriculture.
A valuable contributionto the development of science and technology.
2.2Women scientists.
Its easier to apologize than to get permission.
Grace Hopper(1906-1992).
GraceHopper.
American scientist and U.S. Navy Commodore.
Born in New York City. Of the three children, she was theeldest. As a child, she was curious, and this trait remained with her for therest of her life. At the age of seven, she decided to find out how the alarmclock works. She dismantled seven alarm clocks before her mother realized whatwas going on; afterwards, she had to limit herself to one alarm clock
The woman was able to create a manual for computer operations, which wasthen used by her followers. In 1950, Hopper came up with a compiler that wasable to translate commands in regular English into machine code. Thisimmediately made it much easier for programmers to create their own code andmake a much smaller number of errors.
It was Hopper who led the development of the general business-orientedCOBOL language. This programming language was one of the first in general.Grace Hopper has won many awards for her work, and the U.S. Navy ship was evennamed after her.
Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner (1912 — 2006)
Mary Kenner invented the gaskets that we all use now, but due to racismher idea was not accepted for 30 years
More specifically, she invented an adjustable hygiene belt with abuilt-in waterproof napkin pocket. In 1956, she finally managed to save enoughmoney to get her first patent for it. However, the Sonn-Nap-Pack company, whichfirst showed interest in her invention, turned it down after it was revealedthat she was African American.
Kenner never made a living from hygiene belts because her patent expiredand it became public domain, allowing it to be produced freely.
Between 1956 and 1987, she received five patents for her household andpersonal items. She shared the patent for a toilet paper holder with her sisterMildred Davidson. The toilet paper holder was designed to be more accessiblefor the blind and people with arthritis. She also had a patent for a rearwasher that could be mounted on a shower or bath wall.
“Be less curious about people, but more curious about ideas.”
Marie Curie(1867-1934).
MarieCurie.
Polish and French experimental scientist, teacher, public figure. Thefirst female teacher of the Sorbonne. Awarded the Nobel Prizes in Physics andChemistry, she is the first female Nobel laureate in history and the firstdouble Nobel laureate in history.
Maria Sklodowskawas born in Warsaw in the family of a teacher Wladyslaw Sklodowski director ofa mens gymnasium.
By discovering theprinciples of radioactivity, Marie Curie, together with her husband PierreCurie, turned the main ideas of science of the XIX century. For example, thefact that radium (one of the two elements that Curie discovered) spontaneouslyradiates energy without undergoing any changes would seem to contradict thefirst law of thermodynamics.
The discovery ofradium and polonium marked the beginning of a series of discoveries of newradioactive elements and the creation of a new science that studiesradioactivity.
2.3Women military personnel.
Youregoing to hang me, but Im not alone. There are two hundred million of us, andyou cant outweigh them all. You will be avenged for me. Soldiers! Before itstoo late, surrender, we will still win! You will be avenged for me!
ZoyaKosmodemyanskaya (1923-1994 )
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya.
A female Red Armysoldier of the sabotage and reconnaissance group of the headquarters of the WesternFront, abandoned in 1941 in the German rear. The first woman to be awarded thetitle of Hero of the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War.
Zoya Kosmodemyanskayawas born on September 13, 1923 in the village of Osinov Gai in the Tambovregion. The girls parents mother Lyubov Timofeyevna and father AnatolyPetrovich, worked as teachers at the local school.
On November 21, 1941,Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya and other saboteurs-scouts were assigned the task: toburn the villages as soon as possible in order to slow down the German advance.Two groups of 10 people were formed, but both groups were ambushed. Only a fewfighters, including Zoya, managed to escape. The partisans continued theoperation. Zoya managed to set fire to three houses where the Germans wereliving. However, on November 28, the young saboteur was captured. Theinterrogation was accompanied by severe torture, but Zoya did not give theGermans information about the partisans. The only thing she said was that shegave her name as Tatiana.
On the morning ofNovember 29, 1941, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was executed. A battered Komsomolwoman with frostbitten legs was taken out into the street, where the gallowswas already ready. On the girls chest was a sign that read Arsonist ofhouses. Before her death, Zoya urged the villagers not to give up and tohelp the Red Army fight the enemy as much as possible. Kosmodemyanskayas bodyhung on public display for another month, and only on the eve of 1942, theGermans allowed him to be buried
2.4Women of art.
Madame Tussauds.
Madame Tussauds (1761-1850)-Sculptor, founder of the famous MadameTussauds Wax Museum in London.
Maria was born under the name Marie Grosholz in the family of theAlsatian officer Joseph Grosholz and the Swiss Anna-Maria Walter. Her fatherdied in the Seven Years War shortly before Marie was born; after his death,her mother and her children moved to Bern and began working as a housekeeperfor Dr. Philipp Wilhelm Curtius. Curtius taught Marie the art of creating waxsculptures, and she showed an early talent for recreating images of famouspeople of that time. Marie created sculptures of such famous personalities asVoltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Benjamin Franklin. Over time, she began tobe invited to perform models of members of the royal family.With the beginningof Napoleons reign and the deterioration of relations between the two countries,she was unable to return and continued to travel in Great Britain and Ireland.After the fall of Napoleon, her younger son Francois joined her, and in 1835she set up her first permanent exhibition in the now famous Baker Streetlocation, which was the beginning of her famous museum. Some of the sculptureswere destroyed, but were restored again thanks to the templates that Mariekept. In 1842, she made her sculpture, which is still preserved in the MadameTussauds Museum. On 18 April 1850, at the age of 88, Marie Tussauds died inLondon. Her museum has become one of the attractions of London with branches inAmsterdam, Hong Kong, Las Vegas, New York, Washington and a number of othercities.
“Legs, why do I need you when I have wings?”
Frida Kahlo (1907-1954).
Frida Kahlo.
Mexican artist, best known for her self-portraits. The Mexican cultureand art of the peoples of pre-Columbian America had a significant influence onher work.
Frida Kahlo was born onJuly 6, 1907, in Coyoacan, a suburb of Mexico City. Her father was thephotographer Guillermo Kahlo, originally from Germany. At the age of eighteen,on September 17, 1925, Frida was involved in a serious accident. The bus shewas traveling on collided with a tram. Frida was seriously injured. It wasafter the tragedy in November 1926 that Frida first asked her father forbrushes and paints. A special stretcher was made for Frida, which allowed herto write lying down. In the 1940s, Fridas paintings appeared in severalnotable exhibitions.
Frida Kahlo is themost famous artist in history and a woman who has survived the crushing blowsof fate.
Kahlo became theepitome of Mexican culture and one of the most striking representatives ofsurrealism.
Выводы
Как видим, женщины в истории, сделали немало, чтобы окружающий нас мир сталчище и светлее. Имена выдающих представительниц прекрасного пола золотымибуквами внесены в летопись научных открытий, борьбы за равноправия и правачеловека, улучшения качества и доступности жизни.
Конечно, и в прошлом появлялись выдающиеся женщины,которые нарушали сложившийся стереотип, но это было чем-то исключительным,скандальным, а порой даже неприличным. Самое малое: женщину-писателя иливрача общество не принимало всерьез. Поэтому Жорж Санд надела мужскойкостюм и сменила свое имя. А доброжелатели советовали Джоан Роулинги сестрам Бронте взять мужские псевдонимы, чтобы издатели обратили должноевнимание на их творчество.
Заключение
Безусловно, мужчины многое сделали для истории, наукии культуры , но и женщины внесли свой особый вклад в нашу жизнь.
Героинимоего проекта обладают потрясающей силой духа, не боятся рисковать и,безусловно, опережают свое время. Они восхищают, завораживают,переворачивают сознание и историю в целом, — они представительницы прекрасногопола, изменившие мир.
И если вдруг вам сейчасне хватает вдохновения, пусть их истории станут источником того самого зарядаэнергии, с которым можно добиться не меньших успехов.
Списокиспользованных источников и литературы:
1. Бурова Ирина ИгоревнаХудожник: Энгр Ж.Редактор: Склярова О. И.Издательство: ОлмаМедиаГрупп/Просвещение, 2015 г.
2. https://allcitations.ru/tema/citaty-velikix-lyudej
3. https://ru.qaz.wiki/wiki/Mary_Kenner
4. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/
5. https://artmuza.spb.ru/art_blog/885-meksikanskaya-drama-v-chem-fenomen-fridy-kalo.html
6. https://www.tatler.ru/heroes/margaret-tetcher-portret-neznakomki
Методическийпаспорт индивидуального проекта.
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Название проекта |
Знаменитые женщины мира.
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Автор проекта |
Буракова Юлия Евгеньевна |
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Характеристика проекта (тип или вид проекта) |
Индивидуальный проект |
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Срок реализации проекта |
9 месяцев |
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продолжительность |
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Сентябрь 2020-Июнь 2021 |
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начало реализации-окончание реализации |
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Краткая аннотация (в чем основная идея проекта?) |
Изучить жизненный путь, успехи и достижения выдающихся женщин планеты. |
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Актуальность проекта (описание конкретной проблемы, на решение которой направлен проект) |
Данный проект очень актуален в наши дни, он позволяет расширять границы познаний, что весьма актуально, для современного студента. |
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Гипотеза (утверждение, предполагающее доказательство) |
Нам удастся расширить свой кругозор больше узнать о знаменитых женщинах мира. |
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Основные целевые группы, на которые направлен проект (для кого ваш проект? Перечислите социальные группы, возрастные категории и др.) |
Студенты 1 курса КСТ Возраст:15-18 лет |
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Основная цель проекта (сформулируйте одну цель проекта, она должна быть конкретная, измеримая, достижимая, близкая автору и ограничена по времени) |
Изучить и рассмотреть жизненный путь, успехи и достижения выдающихся женщин планеты.
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Задачи проекта (сформулируйте основные шаги на пути к достижению цели проекта) |
— Изучить литературные и электронные источники по данной теме.
· Использовать большой объем информации об их творчестве и жизни. |
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Методы реализации проекта (каким образом вы будете достигать цель проекта, решать поставленные задачи) |
● теоретический (сбор и изучение материала в различных источниках: литература, интернет-ресурс); ● эмпирический (просмотр видео материалов).
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Календарный план реализации проекта ( последовательное перечисление основных мероприятий проекта с приведением количественных показателей и периодов их осуществления) |
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Форма продукта проектной деятельности (укажите форму продукта проектной деятельности – макет, костюм, видеофильм и пр.) |
Напечатанный текст с иллюстрациями. |
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«Партнеры» проекта (перечисление тех, кого вы планируете привлекать к реализации проекта) |
Аветисян А.И. преподаватель английского языка. |
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Основные ресурсы проекта (укажите, какие ресурсы вы используете при реализации проекта – фотоаппарат, видеокамера, изобразительные материалы, интернет, компьютеры, энциклопедии, педагоги и пр.) |
Интернет, компьютер, литература. |
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Результаты проекта (описание позитивных изменений, которые произойдут в результате реализации проекта) |
Количественные показатели Ознакомиться с историей знаменитых женщин мира.
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Качественные показатели Я приобрела опыт по и стала лучше разбираться в поиске информации по заданной теме. |
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Опыт реализации проекта (укажите Ваш опыт, связанные с темой проекта, Ваши личные достижения при реализации проекта) |
Данный проект помог мне расширять границы своих познаний, сформировать навыки практической творческой работы и развить собственные способности. |
