1. respiratory system – дыхательная система
2. to bring oxygen – доставлять кислород
3. to remove carbon dioxide – удалять углекислый газ
4. breathing-дыхание
5. inspiration -вдох
6. expiration-выдох
7. small sacs – маленькие мешочки
8. mediastinum-средостение
9. covered by the pleura – покрытый плеврой
10. base – основание
11. apex – верхушка
12. border – граница
13. surface – поверхность
14. vital capacity – жизненная емкость
15. fill with the air – наполняться воздухом
16. absorb oxygen – впитывать кислород
17. waste product – остаточный продукт
18. expel from the body – выводить из тела
Read the text. Translate the sentences with the new words from ex.3.
The Respiratory System
The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. This process is called breathing. It consists of inspiration and expiration. The organs of this system are the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and lungs. When you breathe, air travels through your nose, down the trachea, and into bronchi. These bronchi branch into smaller passages called bronchioles and finally into small sacs called alveoli.
The lungs are the most important organs of the respiratory system. There are two lungs in the body. The right lung has three lobes and the left lung has only two lobes. The lungs are separated by the mediastinum and covered by the pleura. They have bases, apexes, borders and surfaces. The average vital capacity is about 3-4 liters.
During inspiration, the alveoli in the lungs are filled with air. It is here that oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide. Blood cells absorb oxygen from the capillaries in the alveoli, as carbon dioxide, a waste product, is released back into the lungs from the veins. During expiration, the carbon dioxide is expelled from the body. Oxygen-rich blood then travels to the heart so it can be pumped back to the body where it is needed.
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Answer the questions
1. What does the respiratory system does?
2. What does the breathing process consist of?
3. What are the organs of the respiratory system?
Complete the sentences
1. Lungs are …
2. There are two …
3. The right lung …
4. The left lung …
5. The lungs are separated …
6. The lungs have …
7. Their vital capacity is …
